What is Stomach Flu? Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

What is Stomach Flu?

Stomach flu is a common illness that affects the stomach and intestines. Doctors often call it viral gastroenteritis. Many people use the term “stomach flu,” but it is not the same as the flu that affects your lungs. Instead, stomach flu is caused by viruses that make your stomach and bowels upset. Because it spreads easily, knowing the symptoms of stomach flu and how to prevent stomach flu is important for everyone.

Common Symptoms

Usually, stomach flu symptoms start suddenly. They can last for a few days. However, most people get better without problems. Common signs include:

Watery diarrhea

Stomach pain or cramps

Nausea or vomiting

Fever

Headache

Muscle aches

Feeling tired

Sometimes, you may also feel chills or lose your appetite. Because these symptoms can be severe, it is important to rest and drink fluids.

Causes and How It Spreads

Most cases of stomach flu are caused by viruses. Norovirus and rotavirus are the most common. These germs spread easily from person to person. For example, you can get stomach flu by:

Touching surfaces with the virus and then touching your mouth

Eating food or drinking water that has the virus

Being close to someone who is sick

Because the virus is strong, it can live on surfaces for days. Therefore, washing your hands often helps stop the spread.

Diagnosis

Doctors usually diagnose stomach flu by asking about your symptoms. Most of the time, tests are not needed. However, if you have severe symptoms or blood in your stool, your doctor may order tests. These tests can check for other causes or rule out bacteria and parasites. According to the CDC, most cases are mild and do not need special tests.

Treatment Options

There is no specific cure for stomach flu. Instead, treatment for stomach flu focuses on easing symptoms. Most people recover at home. Here are some helpful steps:

Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration

Eat small, bland meals like toast or rice

Rest as much as possible

Avoid dairy, caffeine, and fatty foods until you feel better

Sometimes, children or older adults may need extra care. If you cannot keep fluids down, you may need to see a doctor. The World Health Organization suggests using oral rehydration solutions for severe dehydration.

Prevention Tips

Because stomach flu spreads easily, taking steps to prevent it is important. You can lower your risk by:

Washing your hands often with soap and water

Cleaning surfaces, especially in kitchens and bathrooms

Staying home when you are sick

Not sharing food, drinks, or utensils

Washing fruits and vegetables before eating

Making sure food is cooked well

For young children, vaccines for rotavirus can help prevent some types of stomach flu.

When to See a Doctor

Most people get better from stomach flu without medical help. However, you should see a doctor if you:

Have signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth or dark urine

Cannot keep any fluids down

Have a high fever that does not go away

See blood in your stool or vomit

Feel very weak or dizzy

Children, older adults, and people with weak immune systems should be extra careful. If you are worried, it is always best to ask a healthcare professional.

If you think you have stomach flu, consult a healthcare professional at Vizag Healthcare LLP for personalized advice.